Holistic Health Articles and Research Related to Herbal Medicines, Foods and Phytochemicals

Wednesday 21 March 2018

Diabetics Attention: How to Reduce Your Blood Glucose Levels, Medical Literature Suggested

Kyle J. Norton

For my years of practice and research, I do believe that intake of 1/4 table spoon of Vietnmese cinnamon powder in the morning and evening have significant effects to keep blood sugar in check.

Prediabetes with reading of 6.9 mmol/L of a lady I know 10 years ago, after taking the suggested amount daily, reading of the morning blood plucose is maintained at 5.3 mmol/L since.

Cinnamon, a kitchen spicy in many cultures, may have gained many believers, including medical professions because of its anti diabetic effect, through regulating the blood glucose levels in healthy and diabetic subjects.

According to herbalists, intake of 1/4 tsp. in the morning and evening may reduce the blood sugar significantly with little or no adverse side effects.

The herb has been use in herbal and traditional medicine as anti-fungal and bacteria level to improve reproductive organ, prevent flatulence and intestinal cramping, treat indigestion, diarrhea, bad breath, headache, migraine, etc.(1).

According to the 2011 statistic from National Diabetes InformationClearinghouse (NDIC), among U.S. residents ages 65 years and older, 10.9 million, or 26.9 percent, had diabetes in 2010, about 215,000 people younger than 20 years had diabetes—type 1 or type 2—in the United States in 2010 and approximately, 1.9 million people ages 20 years or older were newly diagnosed with diabetes in 2010 in the United States.

In a total of 66 patients with type 2 diabetes study conducted by Xuhui District Central Hospital, showed a reduction significant of blood triglyceride levels even in the low-dose group, after 3 months of oral administration(2)

Some researchers suggested that cinnamon extract improved fasting blood glucose levels and glucose tolerance without altering the insulin secretion, through lower triglyceride and increased liver glycogen content and improved insulin action in liver tissues(3).

Dr. Kim SH and Dr. Choung SY. told PubMed that “the effect of cinnamon in significantly increases insulin sensitivity, reduces serum, and hepatic lipids, and improves hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia possibly by regulating the PPAR-medicated glucose and lipid metabolism”(4)

In support of the above, chromium(Cr) and polyphenols found in cinnamon(Cinnamomon cassia) indicated a improvement of glucose, insulin, cholesterol and HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes following Cr supplementation, in a double-blind placebo-controlled study(7).

Unfortunately, according to the Western University of Health Sciences, consumption of cinnamon is associated with a statistically significant decrease in levels of fasting plasma glucose, but insisted that high degree of heterogeneity may limit the ability to apply these results to patient care, due to the unclear preferred dose and duration of therapy(5)

A randomized clinical trial in which 70 Patients with type II diabetesassigned randomly two groups (35 in cinnamon and 35 in placebo group for the testing of the effect of cinnamon on the glucose level in blood, indicated an insignificant effect of using cinnamon on glucose level of diabetic patients and the herb should not be recommended to patients with type II diabetes depending on further studies(6).

Taken altogether, cinnamon in low dose may be effective in controlling the levels of blood glucose in patient with diabetes without altering the insulin level. according to DR. Georgakopoulou EA(7), Oral intake of Cinnamon may cause Stomatitis, and burning sensation in mouth with large amount. The traditional Chinese medicine also insisted that Overdoses of cinnamon can be toxic and damaged to liver(1).

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References
(1) @Popular Herbs -Cinnamon
(2) Cinnamon extract improves fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin level in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes by Lu T, Sheng H, Wu J, Cheng Y, Zhu J, Chen Y.(PubMed)
(3) Cinnamon extract improves insulin sensitivity in the brain and lowers liver fat in mouse models of obesity by Sartorius T1, Peter A2, Schulz N3, Drescher A2, Bergheim I4, Machann J5, Schick F6, Siegel-Axel D2, Schürmann A3, Weigert C1, Häring HU1, Hennige AM(PubMed)
(4) Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic action of Cinnamomi Cassiae (Cinnamon bark) extract in C57BL/Ks db/db mice by Kim SH1, Choung SY.(PubMed)
(5) Cinnamon use in type 2 diabetes: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis by Allen RW1, Schwartzman E, Baker WL, Coleman CI, Phung OJ.(PubMed)
(6) The Effect of Cinnamon on Glucose of Type II Diabetes Patients by Hasanzade F1, Toliat M2, Emami SA3, Emamimoghaadam Z(PubMed)
(7) Chromium and polyphenols from cinnamon improve insulin sensitivity by Anderson RA.(PubMed)

Grape Seed Extract Users: Discover 15 Incredible Medical Benefits, According to Phytochemical Resveratrol Medical Literature

Grape is a woody vines of the genus Vitis, belong to the family Vitaceae, native to southern Turkey.

Grape Seed Extract is the commercial extracts from whole grape seeds, containing many concentrations, including vitamin E, flavonoids, linoleic acid, oligomeric proanthocyanidins(OPCs),...

The herb has been used in traditional medicine as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agents and to treat skin wounds with less scarring, allergies, macular degeneration, arthritis, enhance circulation of blood vessels, lower cholesterol, etc.

Resveratrol is a phytochemical in the class of Stilbenoids, found abundantly in skins and seed of grape wine, nuts, peanuts,....

1. Anti cancers
In the review of resveratrol and it effects as a chemopreventive agent, tumor initation, promotion, and progression via multiple pathways, indicated that resveratrol exerts antioxidant activities, hence contributing to the prevention of tumor initiation. Growing or metastasizing carcinomas are inhibited by resveratrol through prevention of angiogenesis by inhibiting VEGF and matrix metalloproteases. Induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, important mechanisms for cancer therapy, are stimulated by resveratrol through different mechanisms, e.g., activation of p53 and modulation of cell cycle proteins, according to "Fighting cancer with red wine? Molecular mechanisms of resveratrol" by Kraft TE, Parisotto D, Schempp C, Efferth T.(1)

2. Anti cancers and anti inflammatory effects
In the observation of Resveratrol's effects in exhibition of several physiological activities including anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and in experimental animal models, as well as in humans, found that Anticancer activity of this compound is mainly due to induction of apoptosis via several pathways, as well as alteration of gene expressions, all leading to a decrease in tumor initiation, promotion, and progression. Resveratrol exhibits anti-inflammatory activity through modulation of enzymes and pathways that produce mediators of inflammation and also induction of programmed cell death in activated immune cells. Resveratrolhas been shown to produce no adverse effects, even when consumed at high concentrations, according to "Potential of resveratrol in anticancer and anti-inflammatory therapy" by Udenigwe CC, Ramprasath VR, Aluko RE, Jones PJ.(2)

3. Prostate cancer
In the evaluation of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) and the androgen receptor (AR) in tumor development and progression in prostate carcinogenesis, found that resveratrol may act as potential adjunctive treatment for late-stage hormone refractory prostate cancer. More importantly, for the first time, our study demonstrates the mechanism by which AR regulates PTEN expression at the transcription level, indicating the direct link between a nuclear receptor and the PI3K/AKT pathway, according to "Resveratrol regulates the PTEN/AKT pathway through androgen receptor-dependent and -independent mechanisms in prostate cancer cell lines' by Wang Y, Romigh T, He X, Orloff MS, Silverman RH, Heston WD, Eng C.(3)

4. Cardiovascular diseases
In the revie of reviews some of the key studies, and the known mechanisms for these beneficial effects. Evidence from different experimental studies, including from the authors' laboratories, and the beneficial effects of polyphenols found in red wine, especially resveratrol in grape skins.
found that Resveratrol benefits include a reduction in cardiovascularmorbidity and mortality, lung cancer and prostate cancer by approximately 30% to 50%, 57% and 50%, respectively. Polyphenols possess antioxidant, superoxide-scavenging, ischemic-preconditioning and angiogenic properties. Some of these properties of polyphenols may explain their protective effects on the cardiovascular system, as well as other body organs, according to "Significance of wine and resveratrol in cardiovascular disease: French paradox revisited" by Vidavalur R, Otani H, Singal PK, Maulik N.(4)

5. Cardiovascular health
In the review of Resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene), a member of natural, plant-derived chemicals known as polyphenols and is attracting increased attention due to its diverse health benefits especially in case of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes and neurological problems, indicated that Recently, resveratrol was found to induce autophagy and regenerate myocardial ischemic tissue treated with stem cells. Overall observation indicates that resveratrol has a high therapeutic potentials for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, according to "Resveratrol and cardiovascular health" by Das M, Das DK.(5)

6. Anti inflammatory effects
In the study of implantation and growth of metastatic cancer cells at distant organs is promoted by inflammation-dependent mechanism, found that resveratrol remarkably inhibited hepatic retention and metastatic growth of melanoma cells by 50% and 75%, respectively. The mechanism involved IL-18 blockade at three levels: First, resveratrol prevented IL-18 augmentation in the blood of melanoma cell-infiltrated livers. Second, resveratrol inhibited IL-18-dependent expression of VCAM-1 by tumor-activated hepatic sinusoidal endothelium, preventing melanoma cell adhesion to the microvasculature. Third, resveratrol inhibited adhesion- and proliferation-stimulating effects of IL-18 on metastatic melanoma cells through hydrogen peroxide-dependent nuclear factor-kappaB translocation blockade on these cells, according to "Resveratrol prevents inflammation-dependent hepatic melanoma metastasis by inhibiting the secretion and effects of interleukin-18" by Salado C, Olaso E, Gallot N, Valcarcel M, Egilegor E, Mendoza L, Vidal-Vanaclocha F.(6)

7. Oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction
In the investiagtion of the role of S6K1 in aging-associated endothelial dysfunction and effects of the polyphenol resveratrol on S6K1 in aging endothelial cells, wrote that our data demonstrate a causal role of the hyperactive S6K1 in eNOS uncoupling leading to endothelial dysfunction and vascular aging. Resveratrol improves endothelial function in aging, at least in part, through inhibition of S6K1. Targeting S6K1 may thus represent a novel therapeutic approach for aging-associated vascular disease, according to "Hyperactive S6K1 mediates oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in aging: inhibition by resveratrol" by Rajapakse AG, Yepuri G, Carvas JM, Stein S, Matter CM, Scerri I, Ruffieux J, Montani JP, Ming XF, Yang Z.(7)

8. Insulin resistance
In the evaluation of the effects of Res on insulin sensitivity and the underlying mechanism, insulin-resistant KKA(y) mice were treated with 2 and 4 g/kg diets of Res for 12 weeks, found that Res intervention reduces blood glucose and serum insulin levels, improves insulin and glucose tolerance, increases serum adiponectin and adiponectin mRNA levels in epididymal adipose tissues, and more importantly, elevates Sirt1, p-AMPK, p-IRS1, and p-AKT levels in liver and soleus muscles, according to "Effects of resveratrol on the amelioration of insulin resistance in KKA(y) mice" by Chen S, Li J, Zhang Z, Li W, Sun Y, Zhang Q, Feng X, Zhu W.(8)

9. Propionibacterium acnes
In the investigation of whether P. acnes biofilms could be eradicated by plant extracts or their active compounds, and whether other mechanisms besides killing of biofilm cells could be involved, found that out of 119 plant in the study, researchers identified five with potent antibiofilm activity against P. acnes (extracts from Epimedium brevicornum, Malus pumila, Polygonum cuspidatum, Rhodiola crenulata and Dolichos lablab). We subsequently identified icariin, resveratrol and salidroside as active compounds in three of these extracts. Extracts from E. brevicornum and P. cuspidatum, as well as their active compounds (icariin and resveratrol, respectively) showed marked antibiofilm activity when used in subinhibitory concentrations, indicating that killing of microbial cells is not their only mode of action, accoridng to "Eradication of Propionibacterium acnes biofilms by plant extracts and putative identification of icariin, resveratrol and salidroside as active compounds" by Coenye T, Brackman G, Rigole P, De Witte E, Honraet K, Rossel B, Nelis HJ.(9)

10. Healthy heart and longevity
In the review focuses on the anti-aging aspects of resveratrol, the possible mechanisms of action,
found that resveratrol can induce the expression of several longevity genes including Sirt1, Sirt3, Sirt4, FoxO1, Foxo3a and PBEF and prevent aging-related decline in cardiovascular function including cholesterol level and inflammatory response, but it is unable to affect actual survival or life span of mice, according to "Resveratrol and red wine, healthy heart and longevity" by Das DK, Mukherjee S, Ray D.(10)

11. Antioxidants
In the assessment of the effects of the antioxidants resveratrol and quercetin on frozen-thawed ram sperm, found that Semen samples (which exceeded minimum standards) from four mature crossbreed Santa Inês rams were pooled and aliquots of each pool were diluted in Tris-egg yolk-glycerol, with the addition of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 μg/mL of resveratrol and quercetin in Experiment 1 and Experiment 2, respectively. In Experiment 1, the proportion of sperm with a high mitochondrial membrane potential was greater (P < 0.02) in the control group than in resveratrol 20 μg/mL group. In Experiment 2, the proportion of sperm with high mitochondrial membrane potential was greater in the control group (P < 0.0001) than in the other experimental groups, and greater in the quercetin 5 μg/mL group (P < 0.05) than in the other quercetin-treated groups, according to "Effect of antioxidants resveratrol and quercetin on in vitro evaluation of frozen ram sperm" by Silva EC, Cajueiro JF, Silva SV, Soares PC, Guerra MM.(11)

12. Incision-induced acute and chronic pain
In the searching for more efficacious treatments in inhibition of incision-induced pain and prevention of the transition to chronic pain following surgery, found that local injection of resveratrol around the surgical wound strongly attenuates incision-induced allodynia. Intraplantar IL-6 injection and plantar incision induces persistent nociceptive sensitization to PGE2 injection into the affected paw after the resolution of allodynia to the initial stimulus. We further show that resveratrol treatment at the time of IL-6 injection or plantar incision completely blocks the development of persistent nociceptive sensitization consistent with the blockade of a transition to a chronic pain state by resveratrol treatment, according to "Resveratrol engages AMPK to attenuate ERK and mTOR signaling in sensory neurons and inhibits incision-induced acute and chronic pain" by Tillu DV, Melemedjian OK, Asiedu MN, Qu N, De Felice M, Dussor G, Price TJ.(12)

13. Anti diabetes
In the evaluation of resveratrol, a polyphenolic SIRT1 activator and its SIRT1 activation in an in vitro fluorescent based assay (EC(50) : 7 μM) and the efficacy of resveratrol was also evaluated in ob/ob mice for its antidiabetic and associated metabolic effects, found that a significant improvement observed in the glucose excursion in the oral glucose tolerance test performed for 120 min; although an insignificant improvement in the triglycerides, total cholesterol, adiponectin and free fatty acid levels was observed at different doses of resveratrol tested. The present findings suggest that resveratrol is an antihyperglycemic agent and drugs similar to resveratrol can be considered as an effective therapeutic adjuvant for the current treatment of diabetes mellitus, according to "Antidiabetic activity of resveratrol, a known SIRT1 activator in a genetic model for type-2 diabetes" by Sharma S, Misra CS, Arumugam S, Roy S, Shah V, Davis JA, Shirumalla RK, Ray A.(13)

14. Neuroprotective effects
In the elucidation of the neuroprotective effect and influence of resveratrolon the extracellular levels of neurotransmitter and neuromodulator during ischemia/reperfusion in rats,
found that chronic treatment with resveratrol remarkably reduced the release of excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, aspartate and neuromodulator d-Serine during ischemia and reperfusion; and significantly increased the basal extracellular levels of inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-amino-n-butyric acid, glycine and taurine. Chronic treatment with resveratrol also ameliorated O-phosphoethanolamine levels and excitotoxic index during ischemia and reperfusio, according to "Neuroprotective effects of resveratrol on ischemic injury mediated by modulating the release of neurotransmitter and neuromodulator in rats" by Li C, Yan Z, Yang J, Chen H, Li H, Jiang Y, Zhang Z(14)

15. Neuroprotective effects
In the investigation of the neuroprotective properties of resveratrol found that Resveratrol has neuroprotective features both in vitro and in vivo in models of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but it has proved to be beneficial also in ischemic stroke, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and epilepsy, according to "Neuroprotective properties of resveratrol in different neurodegenerative disorders" by Albani D, Polito L, Signorini A, Forloni G.(15).

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Author biography: Kyle J. Norton
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Green Tea Intake Daily(5) for Major Bioactive Polyphenols Epigallocatechin to Discover All 11 Health Benefits That You May Not Realize, According to Medical Publication Online

Epigallocatechin, including catechins, is a phytochemical of Flavan-3-ols, in the group of Flavonoids (polyphenols), found abundantly in green tea, St John wort, black Tea, carob flour, Fuji apples, etc.

1. Anti-Breast Cancer Activities
In the testing the hypothesis that administration of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a polyphenol present in abundance in widely consumed tea, and its inhibition of cell proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis in breast cancer, found that treatment with combination of radiotherapy and EGCG feeding for 2-8 weeks to in vitro cultures of highly-metastatic human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells resulted in the following significant changes:

(1) suppression of cell proliferation and invasion;

(2) arrest of cell cycles at the G0/G1 phase;

(3) reduction of activation of MMP9/MMP2, expressions of Bcl-2/Bax, c-Met receptor, NF-κB, and the phosphorylation of Akt.

MDA-MB-231 cells exposed to 5-10 µM EGCG also showed significant augmentation of the apoptosis inducing effects of γ-radiation, concomitant with reduced NF-κB protein level and AKT phosphorylation, according to "Anti-Cancer Activities of Tea Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate in Breast Cancer Patients under Radiotherapy" by Zhang G, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wan X, Li J, Liu K, Wang F, Liu Q, Yang C, Yu P, Huang Y, Wang S, Jiang P, Qu Z, Luan J, Duan H, Zhang L, Hou A, Jin S, Hsieh TC (1)

2. Anti cancers
In the review and outline the wide range of mechanisms by which epigallocatechin gallate (ECGC) and other green and black tea polyphenols' inhibition of cancer cell found that EGCG reduced dihydrofolate reductase activity, which would affect nucleic acid and protein synthesis. It also acted as an aryl hydrocarbon receptor an-tagonist by directly binding the receptor's molecular chaperone, heat shock protein 90.

In conclusion, green and black tea polyphenols act at numerous points regulating cancer cell growth, survival, and metastasis, including effects at the DNA, RNA, and protein levels, according to "Mechanisms of cancer prevention by green and black tea polyphenols" by Beltz LA, Bayer DK, Moss AL, Simet IM.(2)

3. Anti-atherosclerotic effects
In the localization and target sites of tea catechins underlying their biological activity including anti-atherosclerotic activity, found that ECg could suppress the gene expression of a scavenger receptor CD36, a key molecule for foam cell formation, in macrophage cells.

These results, for the first time, showed the target site of a tea component ECg in the aorta and might provide a mechanism for the anti-atherosclerotic actions of the catechins, according to "(-)-Epicatechin gallate accumulates in foamy macrophages in human atherosclerotic aorta: implication in the anti-atherosclerotic actions of tea catechins" by Kawai Y, Tanaka H, Murota K, Naito M, Terao J.(3)

4. Inflammatory effects
In the determination of the up-regulated expressions of IL-8 or PGE(2) in Streptococci or PAMP-stimulated HDPF were inhibited by catechins, (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). In TLR2 ligand-stimulated HDPF, found that catechins might be useful therapeutically as an anti-inflammatory modulator of dental pulpal inflammation, according to "Tea catechins reduce inflammatory reactions via mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in toll-like receptor 2 ligand-stimulated dental pulp cells" by Hirao K, Yumoto H, Nakanishi T, Mukai K, Takahashi K, Takegawa D, Matsuo T.(4)

5. Cardiovascular diseases
In the identification of green tea catechins and its lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases, found that green tea catechins, particularly (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, interfere with the emulsification, digestion, and micellar solubilization of lipids, critical steps involved in the intestinal absorption of dietary fat, cholesterol, and other lipids.

Based on the observations, it is likely that green tea or its catechins lower the absorption and tissue accumulation of other lipophilic organic compounds, according to "Green tea as inhibitor of the intestinal absorption of lipids: potential mechanism for its lipid-lowering effect" by Koo SI, Noh SK.(5)

6. Antiviral activities
In the observation of Catechin derivatives including (-)-epicatechin gallate(ECG), (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC) and green tea extract (GTE) and theirs inhibition of the activities of cloned human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT), duck hepatitis B virus replication complexes reverse transcriptase (DHBV RCs RT), herpes simplex virus 1 DNA polymerase (HSV-1 DNAP) and cow thymus DNA polymerase alpha (CT DNAP alpha, found that GCG exerts a mixed inhibition with respect to external template inducer poly (rA).oligo (dT) 12-18 and a noncompetitive inhibition with respect to substrate dTTP for HIV-1 RT. Bovine serum albumin significantly reduced the inhibitory effects of catechin analogues and GTE on HIV-1 RT. In tissue culture GTE inhibited the cytopathic effect of coxsackie B3 virus, but did not inhibit the cytopathic effects of HSV-1, HSV-2, influenza A or influenza B viruses, according to "[The inhibitory effects of catechin derivatives on the activities of human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase and DNA polymerases].[Article in Chinese]" by Tao P.(6)

7. Metabolic syndrome
In the investigation of Tea catechins, including the gallate esters of catechins, (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). in reducing serum cholesterol concentrations and suppressing postprandial hypertriacylglycerolemia in experimental animals and humans, found that tea catechins and heat-treated tea catechins with the galloyl moiety improve lipid metabolism and contribute to the prevention of the metabolic syndrome, according to "Multifunctional effects of green tea catechins on prevention of the metabolic syndrome" by Ikeda I.(7)

8. Cognitive effects
in the examination of examined whether long-term administration of green tea catechins [Polyphenon E (PE): 63% of epigallocatechin-3-gallate, 11% of epicatechin, 6% of (-)-epigallocatechin and 6% of (-)-epicatechin-gallate] prevents cognitive impairment in an animal model of AD, rats infused with Abeta1-40 into the cerebral ventricle, found that rats with preadministered PE had higher ferric-reducing antioxidation power of plasma as compared with the Vehicle group. Our results suggest that long-term administration of green tea catechins provides effective prophylactic benefits against Abeta-induced cognitive impairment by increasing antioxidative defenses, according to "Green tea catechins prevent cognitive deficits caused by Abeta1-40 in rats" by Haque AM, Hashimoto M, Katakura M, Hara Y, Shido O.(8)

9. Cholesterol
In the examination of the influence of green tea extract, epicatechin (EC), epicatechin galate (ECG) as well as epigallocatechin galate (EGCG) on oxidative modifications of LDL of human blood serum, found that Catechins and green tea abilities to protect lipophilic antioxidant--alpha-tocopherol against oxidation have been also examined. The results reveal that peroxidation of LDL is markedly prevented by green tea extract and in a slightly weaker way by catechins (EGCG in particular), which is manifested by a decrease in concentration of conjugated dienes, lipid hydroperoxides, MDA, dityrosine and by an increase in tryptophan content, according to "The comparison of effect of catechins and green tea extract on oxidative modification of LDL in vitro" by Ostrowska J, Skrzydlewska E.(9)

10. Anti diabetes
In the observation of the effect of tea catechins (epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin gallate (ECG) and epicatechin (EC)) on markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and membrane -SH group) in erythrocytes from type 2 diabetics, found that tea catechins protect erythrocytes from t-BHP-induced oxidative stress, the effect being more pronounced in diabetic erythrocytes. The relative effectiveness of individual catechins are in the order of EGCG>ECG>EGC>EC. 7. We hypothesise that a higher intake of catechin-rich food by diabetic patients may provide some protection against the development of long-term complications of diabetes, according to "Protective role of tea catechins against oxidation-induced damage of type 2 diabetic erythrocytes" by Rizvi SI, Zaid MA, Anis R, Mishra N.(10)

11. Antioxidants
In the evaluation of the effects of the main polyphenolic components extracted from green tea leaves, i.e. (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG), (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and gallic acid (GA), against free radical initiated peroxidation of human low density lipoprotein (LDL), found that The antioxidative action of the green tea polyphenols includes trapping the initiating and/or propagating peroxyl radicals with the activity sequence EC>EGCG>ECG>EGC>GA for the AAPH initiated peroxidation, and reducing the alpha-tocopheroxyl radical to regenerate alpha-tocopherol with the activity sequence of ECG>EC>EGCG>EGC>GA and ECG>EGCG>GA>EC>EGC for the AAPH-initiated and BP-photosensitized peroxidations respectively, according to "Antioxidative effects of green tea polyphenols on free radical initiated and photosensitized peroxidation of human low density lipoprotein" by Liu Z, Ma LP, Zhou B, Yang L, Liu ZL.(11).

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

9 Remedies in Inhibited Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, According PubMed Literature

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is defined as a condition of the fatty liver diseases as a result of accumulated of fat in the liver, not caused by abusive alcohol consumption.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging as a widespread condition in US, approximately 30% of adult population are obese.

Finding the natural treatments for less or no side effects has become urgency in many scientific community including researchers in Universities.

Alternative medicines for the treatment of NAFLD have been proven with many successful histories of controlling disease with no or less side effects.

1. Turmeric
Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belongings to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.

Turmeric has long been used in herbal medicine in treating numbers of disease.

Today its curcuminoid, curcumin has attracted interests from researchers in many parts of the world.

Curcumin, as an antihyperlipidemic agents, has been found to lower the "bad cholesterol" low density lipoprotein (LDL), and increase high density lipoprotein (HDL) of which reduce the risk of fat accumulated in the tissues in the liver.

Excessive fat deposited in hepatocytes may cause metabolic imbalances, inducing Non- alcoholic fatty liver diseases.

In the support of the above, the water-soluble curcumin derivative was tested for its efficacy against steatohepatitis which is an inflammation of the liver with concurrent fat accumulation in liver, the derivative not only significantly alleviated fibrosis but also decreased the grade of liver steatosis.

2. Hawthorn
Hawthorn is a shrubs and trees of the genus Crataegus, belongings to the family Rosaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia and North America.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine to treat heart disease and symptoms of heart diseases such as irregular heartbeat, high blood pressure, chest pain, hardening of the arteries, etc., circulatory disorders and respiratory illnesses.

Out of 246 kinds of Chinese herb, Hawthorn Fruit is found mostly in the list of many formulas.

The herb may contain certain chemical constituents effectively in treatments of Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

3. Phytochemical Berberine and 4. Resveratrol

Berberine and resveratrol, the phytochemical found abundantly in many vegetables and fruits as well herbs and herbal formulae such as Polygonum hypoleucum Ohwi, and Artemisia sacrorum Ledeb., and formulae including Yinchenhao Decoction (, YCHD), Qushi Huayu Decoction (, QSHYD), and Danning Tablet, were found not only to improve biochemical and histological change in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, but also associated in inhibiting lipid accumulation through adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activation or up regulating low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) expression, alleviating lipid peroxidation, and reducing the production of inflammatory cytokines.

In such instance, Berberine and resveratrol, may be considered as a potential treatment for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the future.

5. Phytochemical Triterpenoid

Triterpenoid is a various unsaturated hydrocarbons, found in essential oils and oleoresins of plants, including Ilex hainanensis Merr.

In the study to test the effect of Triterpenoid-rich fraction (TP) from Ilex hainanensis Merr. on NAFLD with Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats fed a normal diet (control) or high fat diet (NAFLD model), after 4 weeks, the high fat diet group was orally administrated TF (250 mg/kg) for another two weeks.

TP not only improves the symptoms of the subjects, but also decreases the levels of triglyceride , total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, abnormality of lipid accumulation , levels of inflammation and infection and apoptosis response in the liver.

Of these results, TF is found to be effective in protecting liver against NAFLD by regulating lipids metabolism and alleviating insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative stress.

6. Peony

Mu Dan Pi or Dan Pi (Cortex Moutan Radicis) is also known as peony. The acrid, bitter and mild cool herb has been used in TCM as anti micro organism, anti inflammatory agent and to enhance circulation and immune system, etc., as it clears heat and cools the blood, clears fire of yin deficiency, clear blood stasis and rid of clots, etc., by enhancing the functions of heart, liver and kidney channels.

Peony, a very popular Chinese herb is emerging as in many study for its Anti-inflammatory, anticoagulative, Anti-microbial and cytokine modulating effects, as well as properties as treatments of arthritis and asthma.

In the study of the effects of peony in Non alcoholic liver disease caused by insulin resistance with Adult SD rats fed on high-fat-sugar-salt diet for 56 days, then divided randomly into nonalcoholic fatty liver model group, metformin group (0.2 g x kg(-1)) and total glucosides of peony group.

Oral administration of total glucosides of paeony group, hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistence were resisted, the levels of free fatty acids (FFA), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)] were decreased, HDL-C were increased, the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), cholinesterase (ChE) were decreased and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were increased. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) were decreased.

Of these result, researchers suggested that paeony may consist a potential effect in protecting liver function and modulate serum lipid for the fatty liver rats caused by insulin resistance.

7. Bay berry

Bay berry is a species of Myrica gale, genus Myrica, belonging to the family Myricaceae. Beside many nutrients, it also consists chemical constituents of Gallic acid, quercetin hexoside, quercetin deoxyhexoside, quercetin, anthocyanins, flavonols, and elllagitannins, etc.

In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study of 44 participants (ages 18-25 y) given 250 mL of either bayberry juice or placebo twice daily for 4 wk, bay berry juice is found to decrease inflammation and infection, liver cell apoptosis, and death of liver tissues as well as reduction of the risk of steatosis progreeion to cause NALFD.

Of that results, researchers suggested that consumption of bayberry juice for a period of 4 wk can protect against NAFLD and its juice may be a candidate for potential prevention and treatment of Non acoholic fatty liver disease(NALFD).

8. Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

According to the University of Connecticut, Storrs, the efficacy of green tea for treatment of obese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated to polyphenolic catechins in induction of hypolipidemic, thermogenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.

These chemical compound have also found to mitigate the occurrence and progression of NAFLD.

Dr. Masterjohn C(7), the lead author said, "(The phytochemical compounds are) demonstrating the hepatoprotective properties of green tea and its catechins and the proposed mechanisms by which these targeted dietary agents protect against NAFLD".

In mice fed on a high-fat diet for 24 weeks, then injected with EGCG (10, 20 and 40 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), ip), for 4 weeks, researchers found that treated mice showed a significant improvement of high-fat diet in induced the body weight, grade 2 or 3 liver fatty degeneration (steatosis, lobular inflammation and ballooning), severe hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance..

The phytocheimcal EGCG, in dose-dependent also enhanced insulin clearance and upregulated IDE protein expression and enzyme activity(8) in regulated levels of glucose in the liver of treated mice.

In fact EGCG not only promoted weigh loss but also attenuated symptoms of mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Administration of green tea polyphenols (GTP) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Zucker fatty (ZF) rats, not only decreased weight gain and significantly lowered visceral fat but also reduced fasting serum insulin, glucose and lipids levels(9), through ameliorated expression of hepatic TG accumulation and cytoplasmic lipid droplet(9) as well as diminished hepatic lipogenesis and triglycerides out flux from liver.

9. Anise

According to statistic, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is one of most common cause of liver disease with a prevalence rate of 20%–30% in Western world.

In the comparison the effect of anise fruit essential oil and extract and risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, researchers at the Islamic Azad University conducted a experiment of 60 rats randomly divided into ten groups, six in each group with NAFLD induced by using choline-deficient diet for 90 days and followed by 30 days of treatment with 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day of hydroethanolic extract (AE) as well as 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/kg/day of essential oil (AO) and found that both applications exerted a significantly reverse activities in increased AE and AO plasma levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triacylglycerol and decrease in high-density lipoprotein level caused by choline-deficient diet in dose-dependent manner.
Additional differentiation also found that AE and AO reduced the elevated levels of enzymes aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) which are considered as an indication of either liver injure or damage caused by the acute inflammation in the experiential subject model.

Observation of injection anise AE and AO also exerted a powerful antioxidant activity in significant lower over expression of ROS in exhibited free radical chain reaction in induction of oxidative stress to precipitated liver toxicity.
According to the histological findings, researchers concluded that both AE and AO display a substaintial effect in reduced macrovesicular steatohepatitis which is the leading cause of liver cancer.

Further analysis also addressed that both anise AE and AO demonstrated a strong effect in ameliorated lipid peroxidation induced by oxidative stress indicated by elevation of plasma level of 8-isoprostane which is correlated to the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Elevated 8-Isoprostane values activated by lipid peroxidation induced by injection of choline-deficient diet are also considered as a biomaker in patient with non alcoholic liver disease and correlated to with body mass index and with total cholesterol in NAFLD but did not significantly related to sex, age, biochemical data or iron metabolism markers in all liver diseases.

Therefore, people with high body mass index and high levels of total cholesterol levels are susceptible to increase risk of the diseases.

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Author biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources

(1) Curcumin and liver disease.Vera-Ramirez L, Pérez-Lopez P, Varela-Lopez A, Ramirez-Tortosa M, Battino M, Quiles JL.(PubMed)
(2) [The effects of curcumin derivative on experimental steatohepatitis].[Article in Chinese] by Zeng CH, Zeng P, Deng YH, Shen N, Peng ML, Liu Q, Ren H.(PubMed)
(3) Methodologies for investigating natural medicines for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by Kim MS, Kung S, Grewal T, Roufogalis BD.(PubMed)
(4) Traditional Chinese medicines benefit to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Shi KQ, Fan YC, Liu WY, Li LF, Chen YP, Zheng MH.(PubMed)
(5) Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver transplantation: Outcomes and advances by Said A.(PubMed)
(6) The effects of ezetimibe on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and glucose metabolism: a randomised controlled trial by Takeshita Y, Takamura T, Honda M, Kita Y, Zen Y, Kato KI, Misu H, Ota T, Nakamura M, Yamada K, Sunagozaka H, Arai K, Yamashita T, Mizukoshi E, Kaneko S.(PubMed)

(7) Pharmacokinetic study of major bioactive components in rats after oral administration of extract of Ilex hainanensis by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry by Jie Yanga,1, Fang Lva, 1, Xiao-qing Chenb, Wei-xi Cuia, Li-hong Chenc, Xiao-dong Wena, Qiang Wanga(Science direct)
(8) Triterpenoid-rich fraction from Ilex hainanensis Merr. attenuates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high fat diet in rats by Cui WX, Yang J, Chen XQ, Mao Q, Wei XL, Wen XD, Wang Q.(PubMed)

(9) Chinese Herbs – Mu Dan Pi or Dan Pi (Cortex Moutan Radicis)
(10) [Effects of total glucosides of paeony on enhancing insulin sensitivity and antagonizing nonalcoholic fatty liver in rats].[Article in Chinese] by Zheng LY, Pan JQ, Lv JH.(PubMed)
(11) Therapeutic potential of green tea in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by Masterjohn C1, Bruno RS.(PubMed)
(12) Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate ameliorates insulin resistance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease mice by Gan L1, Meng ZJ1, Xiong RB2, Guo JQ1, Lu XC1, Zheng ZW1, Deng YP1, Luo BD1, Zou F3, Li H1.(PubMed)
(13) Green tea polyphenols ameliorate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through upregulating AMPK activation in high fat fed Zucker fatty rats by Tan Y1, Kim J1, Cheng J1, Ong M1, Lao WG1, Jin XL1, Lin YG1, Xiao L1, Zhu XQ1, Qu XQ1.(PubMed)

(14) Pimpinella anisum L. fruit: Chemical composition and effect on rat model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by Asadollahpoor A1, Abdollahi M2, Rahimi R3,(PubMed)

Tuesday 20 March 2018

Drink Coffee to Worry Free of Alzheimer's disease, Medical Literature Found

By Kyle J. Norton

Coffee intake may have a positive implication in reduced risk of early onset of Alzheimer's disease, a respectable joint study suggested.

Coffee, a popular and social beverage all over the world, particularly in the West, is a drink made from roasted bean from the Coffea plant, native to tropical Africa and Madagascar.

Alzheimer's disease is generalized and progressive neuro degenerative disease due to aging.

In a rat model for Alzheimer's disease (AD) induced by phosphoprotein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), eicosanoyl-5-hydroxytryptamide (EHT), researchers showed that components found in coffee exhibited a protective effect against AD, through inhibited expression of the I2(PP2A), or SET protein involved multiple cellular processes in the brains.

More importantly, oral administration of the supplement for 12 months showed a strong attenuated all the defects of cognitive impairment, including tau hyperphosphorylation, and elevated levels of cytoplasmic amyloid-β protein caused by phosphoprotein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) injection.

Dr. Basurto-Islas G, the lead author in the joint study said, " possibility that EHT may make a substantial contribution to the apparent neuroprotective benefits associated with coffee consumption as evidenced by numerous epidemiologic studies indicating that coffee drinkers have substantially lowered risk of developing AD".

Further more, Dr. Wierzejska R in the evaluated effects of caffeine coffee in dietary factors which might prolong mental agility, said, " moderate coffee consumption in fact has a lower the risk for common neurodegenerative conditions, i.e. Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases" and "Possibly, in the future experts will recommend drinking coffee not only to satisfy individual taste preferences but also to decrease age-related mental deterioration.".

Others, in the concerns of the high consumption of coffee in effect of individual's health through evaluating database of online medical literature, researchers found that coffee-drinking habits, and/or the quantity of coffee consumption, have a significantly reduced risk of dementia/AD, and other chronic diseases, but the the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, when comparing coffee drinkers with non-drinker.

Taking together, regular drinking of caffeine coffee in a moderated amount daily may have a positive effect in attenuated risk and progression of Alzheimer's disease and caffeine may be considered as a novel therapy for treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

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You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

FOOD HACK for Weight Loss
A Simple Cooking Technique That Cuts The Calories & Glycemic
Impact In Rice, Pasta, And Potatoes In Half

Author biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Therapeutic benefits of a component of coffee in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease by Basurto-Islas G1, Blanchard J1, Tung YC1, Fernandez JR2, Voronkov M2, Stock M2, Zhang S3, Stock JB4, Iqbal K5.(PubMed)
(2) Can coffee consumption lower the risk of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease? A literature review by Wierzejska R1.(PubMed)
(3) Possible health effects of caffeinated coffee consumption on Alzheimer's disease and cardiovascular disease by You DC1, Kim YS, Ha AW, Lee YN, Kim SM, Kim CH, Lee SH, Choi D, Lee JM.(PubMed)

The Secrets of ANTI Major Aging Signs Foods(6) in Inhibited Wrinkles, Roughness, Fine Lines, Enhanced Elasticity, De Hyperpigmentation Mark and Telomere Length , Scientists Revealed

By Kyle J. Norton

According to the Clinical Centre of Nis, certain plant extracts may have the ability to scavenge free radicals, to protect the skin matrix through the inhibition of enzymatic degradation, or to promote collagen synthesis in the skin, affect skin elasticity and tightness(a).

Other suggested that free radicals induced domino effects in production of reactive oxygen species, can react with DNA, proteins, and fatty acids, causing oxidative damage and impairment of antioxidant system, leading injuries damage regulation pathways of skin, including wrinkles, roughness, appearance of fine lines, lack of elasticity, and de- or hyperpigmentation marks(b).

Certain foods have been found to be effective in protect the skin against natural aging, including green tea and garlic.

1. Garlic
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a species in the onion genus, belonging to family Amaryllidaceae, native to central Asia. It has been used popularly in traditional and Chinese medicine in treating common cold and flu to the Plague, blood pressure cholesterol levels, natural antibiotic, etc.

In wrinkle formation, caffeic acid and S-allyl cysteine found in garlic significantly inhibited the degradation of type І procollagen and the expressions of MMPs in vivo and attenuated the histological collagen fiber disorder and oxidative stress in vivo, through decreased oxidative stress and inflammation by modulating the activities of NF-κB and AP-1, and exhibited an indirect anti-oxidant effect by suppressing cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expressions levels and down-regulated transcriptional factors(1).

Garlic's antioxidant properties may either prevent or delay chronic diseases associated with aging(2).

According to Aarhus University, garlic not only protected skin cell from undergo aging process but also inhibited the abnormal growth of skin cells, through its on long-term growth characteristics, morphology and macromolecular synthesis of human fibroblasts(3).

2. Ginger
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil. It has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.

In formation of wrinkles induced by UV exposure in rat or hairless mouse skin, extract of Zingiber officinale, significantly inhibited the fibroblast-derived elastase at a suberythemal dose, in prevention of the decrease in skin elasticity in both types of animal skin(4).

3. Black bean
Small roughly ovoid legumes with glossy black shells, genus Phaseolus, belongs to the family Fabaceae and can bought in most grocery stores all around the year in dried and canned forms. It is believed that black bean was first domesticated growth in South America.

According to Jiangnan University, chemical constituents in black bean sprouts may potentiate as additives in anti-aging and whitening skin cosmetic products due to its antioxidant properties(5).

On UVB-induced apoptotic skin cell death, anthocyanins a major chemical compound found in black bean, not only reduced UVB-induced reactive oxygen species levels but also inhibited UVB-induced apoptotic cell death through the prevention of caspase-3 pathway activation and reduction of proapoptotic Bax protein levels(6).

Other study also found the effectiveness of anthocyanins in modulation of oxidative disorders including UVB-induced inflammation(7).

4. Avocado
Avocados are a commercially valuable fruit and are cultivated in tropical climates throughout the world, it is a green-skinned, pear-shaped fruit that ripens after harvesting and native to the Caribbean, Mexico, South America and Central America, belonging to the flowering plant family Lauraceae.

Daily intake of one-half a Hass avocado (68 g), may support cardiovascular health, weight management and healthy aging(8).

Study on the of ingestion of an unsaponifiable avocado and soya extract (P.I.A.S.) indicated a very probable presence of phytosterols and a richer proportion of cholesterol, precursors particularly methostenol in the skin of rats fed(9).

5. Passion fruit
Passionflower is also known as passion vines,, in the genus Passiflora , belonging to the family Passifloraceae, native to southeastern parts of the America.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine in treating nervous tension including anxiety, insomnia, seizures, sleep problems and hysteria.

Passion fruit seed extract, piceatannol, and scirpusin B effected the keratinocyte by upregulated the glutathione (GSH) levels in keratinocytes in a dose-dependent manner, and suppressed the UVB-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and enhanced matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 activity(10).

A flavone chrysin from Passifloracaerulea Linn. and a benzoflavone moiety (BZF) recently isolated from Passiflora incarnata Linn in rat skin study, showed a great potential for clinical and therapeutic applications against the physiological and biochemical effects of aging(11).

6. Mango
Mango tree is a flower plant of genus of Mangifera, belonging to the family Anacardiaceae, native to the subtropical and tropical southeast Asia.

Beside exerting its antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities, mango extract also showed to inhibit wrinkle formation and damage to collagen fiber against UVB-induced skin aging in hairless mice(12).

Polyamine, a major chemical constituent of mango and other plants may be potential target for reduced aging skin as the level of spermidine was maximal in 10-week-old mice and markedly reduced in 26-week-old mice(13).

7. Apple
Apple is the pomaceous fruit of the apple tree, a species of the rose family Rosaceae. It is one of the most widely cultivated tree fruits. The tree is originated in Central Asia.

Apple whole fruit and its chemical compound showed to protect cells from aging through influence of aging and oxidative stress(14).

The study from Taipei Medical University, in the study of its chemical compounds suggested the use of extract of M. doumeri var. formosana (containing phenolic compounds) in anti-aging or cosmetic products(15) through exhibition of anti-oxidant and tyrosinase reducing activities(16).

9. Sea buckthorn fruit
Sea buckthorn is a shrub in the genus Hippophae, belonging to the family Elaeagnaceae, native to in
the wide regions of the Atlantic coasts of Europe right across to northwestern Mongolia and also
northwestern China.

A sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) fruit blend (SFB) containing sea buckthorn fruit extract,
exhibited a protective and therapeutic drug candidate against skin aging by regulating the moisture
content, MMP expression levels and SOD activity in UV radiation-induced skin aging in hairless mice, according to the study by the Pusan National University(17).

10. Grape
Grape is a woody vines of the genus Vitis, belong to the family Vitaceae, native to southern Turkey.

Trans-resveratrol, a polyphenol extracted from grape, showed a remarkable improvement in decreased aging signs(18).

In facial skinmorphology and functionality, combination of grape seed extract and soy phospholipids showed to have the potential in induced signal transduction pathways in facial hypodermis, resulting in anti-aging effects throughout all skin compartments, including dermal and epidermal layers(19).

Clinically and biometrically, composition of lycopene, acerola extract, grape seed extract and Biomarine ComplexT showed to increase parameters of cutaneous hydration, reduction of pH, ultrasound density and a histological increment of collagen and elastic fibers (both on the face and arm), through a reduction of seborrhea (only on the face)(20).

11. Pomegranate
Pomegranates is a fruit-bearing small tree, genus Punica, belonging to family Lythraceae, native to Iran but has been cultivated in Asian since ancient time.

Pomegranate are among many plants ma be beneficial in protect against human skin aging(21),

In the study at the Kyung Hee University Global Campus, Punica granatum (pomegranate) extract showed a positive effect in protecting skin against UVB-induced damage in cultured human skin fibroblasts, through increased expression of procollagen type I and decreased expression of MMP-1(22).

In an immortal human keratinocyte line (Hala cell line), pomegranate polyphenol extract POMx protected HaCaT cells against UVB-induced oxidative stress and markers of photoaging(23).

Ellagic acid, a polyphenol compound presented in berries and pomegranate, prevented collagen destruction and inflammatory responses caused by UV-B, according to the Hallym University(24).

12. Almond skin
Almond consists of an outer hull and a hard shell with the seed (nut) inside is native to the Middle East. It is most widely cultivated seed in the world for it economic and health benefit.

The study of α-Tocopherol (AT) and polyphenols (AP) in almonds ahainst UV exposure causes of oxidative stress, inflammation, erythema, and skincancer, showed the positive effect of AT and AP, applied to medium or topically, in photoprotection against UVA(25)(26).

13. Cacao bean and cola nut
Caocao a small tropical American evergreen tree, of the genus Theobroma, belonging to the family Malvaceae. Its seed has been used for making chocolate and cocoa mass, cocoa powder.

Cola tree is a genus Cola, belonging the family Malvaceae, native to the tropical rainforests of Africa.
Topical application of plant extracts and their xanthine derivatives showed to suppressed wrinkle formation, dermal connective alteration, and collagen accumulation(27).

The 1Natura Innovation and Product Technology Ltda, Cajamar study indicated the antioxidant effects of cacao in protection against oxidative causes of skin cell damage(28).

14. Olive oils
Olive is belongs to the the family Oleaceae, native to the coastal areas of the eastern Mediterranean Basin and south end of the Caspian Sea. Its fruit, is also called the olive and the source of olive oil.

Unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) found abundantly in olive oil may be effective in alleviation of skin problems such as dryness and those related to the aging process. The Università degli Studi di Torino study showed the use of combination of hemp seed and olive oils may inhibit the problem through spraying in some gel-emulsions(29).

According to the Procter & Gamble Company, olive-derived fatty acid ethoxylates, not only showed to restore antioxidant enzymes in skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts, but also reduced melanin production by an adrenergic receptor mechanism in melanocytes(30).

15. Date palm kernel extract
Date palm tree is a genus of Phoenix, belonging to the family Arecaceae, native from lands around Iraq.

According to Vincience Research Center Date palm kernel extract, in the study of 10 Ten healthy women volunteers, between the ages of 46 and 58 years, applied the cream formula with 5% date palm kernel or placebo on the eye area twice a day for 5 weeks, application of date palm kernel reduced the total surface of wrinkles by 27.6% (p = 0.038), the depth of
wrinkles by 3.52% (p = 0.0231). These results are statistically significant and were clinically confirmed where visual improvement was seen in 60% of the volunteers treated(31).

16. Lemon oil
Lemon is a species of Citrus Aurantifolia, belongs to the family Rutaceae. It has around shape are with green to yellow in color and 3–6 cm in diameter and native to Southeast Asia.

According to University of Catania, Italy, a natural compound isolated from lemon oil (Lem1) not only showed to significantly increase the antioxidative potential of skin biosurface in healthy volunteers but exhibited a strong antioxidant effects in inhibition of free radical-mediated reactions, as evaluated in vitro and in vivo(32)

And may provide a better understanding of the endogenous antioxidant potential of skin and the real validity of a natural antioxidant biotechnology in the antiaging management of the skin(33).

Taken altogether, the list of foods have been found effectively in protection of photoagingnd alleviation of skin symptoms due to aging, as well as through influence of the expression of procollagen type I and MMP-1. As always, all articles written by Kyle J. Norton are for information & education only, please consult your Doctor & Related field specialist before applying.

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References
(a) Skin ageing: natural weapons and strategies by Binic I1, Lazarevic V, Ljubenovic M, Mojsa J, Sokolovic D.(PubMed)
(b) Phytoconstituents as photoprotective novel cosmetic formulations by Saraf S1, Kaur CD.(PubMed)
(1) Anti-wrinkle and anti-inflammatory effects of active garlic components and the inhibition of MMPs via NF-κB signaling by Kim SR1, Jung YR, An HJ, Kim DH, Jang EJ, Choi YJ, Moon KM, Park MH, Park CH, Chung KW, Bae HR, Choi YW, Kim ND, Chung HY(PubMed)
(2) Garlic and aging: new insights into an old remedy by Rahman K(PubMed)
(3) Testing garlic for possible anti-ageing effects on long-term growth characteristics, morphology and macromolecular synthesis of human fibroblasts in culture by Svendsen L1, Rattan SI, Clark BF.(PubMed)
(4) Inhibition of ultraviolet-B-induced wrinkle formation by an elastase-inhibiting herbal extract: implication for the mechanism underlying elastase-associated wrinkles by Tsukahara K1, Nakagawa H, Moriwaki S, Takema Y, Fujimura T, Imokawa G(PubMed)
(5) Study of active ingredients in black soybean sprouts and their safety in cosmetic use by Lai J1, Xin C, Zhao Y, Feng B, He C, Dong Y, Fang Y, Wei S.(PubMed)
(6) Protective effect of anthocyanins from black soybean seed coats on UVB-induced apoptotic cell death in vitro and in vivo by Tsoyi K1, Park HB, Kim YM, Chung JI, Shin SC, Shim HJ, Lee WS, Seo HG, Lee JH, Chang KC, Kim HJ.(PubMed)
(7) Anthocyanins from black soybean seed coats inhibit UVB-induced inflammatory cylooxygenase-2 gene expression and PGE2 production through regulation of the nuclear factor-kappaB and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway by Tsoyi K1, Park HB, Kim YM, Chung JI, Shin SC, Lee WS, Seo HG, Lee JH, Chang KC, Kim HJ.(PubMed)
(8) Hass avocado composition and potential health effects by Dreher ML1, Davenport AJ.(PubMed)
(9) [Influence of the daily ingestion of a total unsaponifiable extract from avocado and soy bean oils on cholesterol metabolism in the rat].[Article in French] by Chevallier F, Lutton C, Sulpice JC, D'Hollander F.(PubMed)
(10) The protective effects of piceatannol from passion fruit (Passifloraedulis) seeds in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes by Maruki-Uchida H1, Kurita I, Sugiyama K, Sai M, Maeda K, Ito T.(PubMed)
(11) Beneficial effects of chrysin and benzoflavone on virility in 2-year-old male rats by Dhawan K1, Kumar S, Sharma A.(PubMed)
(12) Protective effect of mango (Mangifera indica L.) against UVB-induced skin aging in hairless mice by Song JH1, Bae EY, Choi G, Hyun JW, Lee MY, Lee HW, Chae S.(PubMed)
(13) Decrease in polyamines with aging and their ingestion from food and drink by Nishimura K1, Shiina R, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K.(PubMed)
(14) Apple can act as anti-aging on yeast cells by Palermo V1, Mattivi F, Silvestri R, La Regina G, Falcone C, Mazzoni C.(PubMed)
(15) Phenolic constituents of Malus doumeri var. formosana in the field of skin care. by Leu SJ1, Lin YP, Lin RD, Wen CL, Cheng KT, Hsu FL, Lee MH(PubMed)
(16) Constituents from the Formosan apple reduce tyrosinase activity in human epidermal melanocytes by Lin YP1, Hsu FL, Chen CS, Chern JW, Lee MH(PubMed)
(17) UV radiation-induced skin aging in hairless mice is effectively prevented by oral intake of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) fruitblend for 6 weeks through MMP suppression and increase of SOD activity by Hwang IS1, Kim JE, Choi SI, Lee HR, Lee YJ, Jang MJ, Son HJ, Lee HS, Oh CH, Kim BH, Lee SH, Hwang DY.(PubMed)
(18) Enhanced antioxidant effect of trans-resveratrol: potential of binary systems with polyethylene glycol and cyclodextrin by Moyano-Mendez JR1, Fabbrocini G, De Stefano D, Mazzella C, Mayol L, Scognamiglio I, Carnuccio R, Ayala F, La Rotonda MI, De Rosa G(PubMed)
(19) Hypodermal delivery of cosmetic actives for improved facial skinmorphology and functionality by Bojanowski K.(PubMed)
(20) Clinical, biometric and ultrasound assessment of the effects of daily use of a nutraceutical composed of lycopene, acerola extract, grape seed extract and Biomarine Complex in photoaged human skin by Costa A1, Lindmark L, Arruda LH, Assumpção EC, Ota FS, Pereira Mde O, Langen SS(PubMed)
(21) Innovations in natural ingredients and their use in skin care by Fowler JF Jr1, Woolery-Lloyd H, Waldorf H, Saini R(PubMed)
(22) Extract of Punica granatum inhibits skin photoaging induced by UVB irradiation by Park HM1, Moon E, Kim AJ, Kim MH, Lee S, Lee JB, Park YK, Jung HS, Kim YB, Kim SY(PubMed)
(23) Inhibition of UVB-mediated oxidative stress and markers of photoaging in immortalized HaCaT keratinocytes by pomegranatepolyphenol extract POMx by Zaid MA1, Afaq F, Syed DN, Dreher M, Mukhtar H.(PubMed)
(24) Dietary compound ellagic acid alleviates skin wrinkle and inflammation induced by UV-B irradiation by Bae JY1, Choi JS, Kang SW, Lee YJ, Park J, Kang YH(PubMed)
(25) A pilot study of the photoprotective effect of almond phytochemicals in a 3D human skin equivalent by Evans-Johnson JA1, Garlick JA, Johnson EJ, Wang XD, Oliver Chen CY.(PubMed)
(26) Effect of pre-treatment of almond oil on ultraviolet B-induced cutaneous photoaging in mice by Sultana Y1, Kohli K, Athar M, Khar RK, Aqil M.(PubMed)
(27) Topical application of plant extracts containing xanthine derivatives can prevent UV-induced wrinkle formation in hairless mice by Mitani H1, Ryu A, Suzuki T, Yamashita M, Arakane K, Koide(PubMed)
(28) A new potent natural antioxidant mixture provides global protection against oxidative skin cell damage by Jorge AT1, Arroteia KF, Lago JC, de Sá-Rocha VM, Gesztesi J, Moreira PL(PubMed)
(29) Hemp-seed and olive oils: their stability against oxidation and use in O/W emulsions.
Sapino S1, Carlotti ME, Peira E, Gallarate M(PubMed)
(30) Application of genomics to breakthroughs in the cosmetic treatment of skin ageing and discoloration by Osborne R1, Hakozaki T, Laughlin T, Finlay DR.(PubMed)
(31) Date palm kernel extract exhibits antiaging properties and significantly reduces skin wrinkles by Bauza E1, Dal Farra C, Berghi A, Oberto G, Peyronel D, Domloge N(PubMed)
(32) Oxidative stress and antioxidants at skin biosurface: a novel antioxidant from lemon oil capable of inhibiting oxidative damage to the skin by Calabrese V1, Scapagnini G, Randazzo SD, Randazzo G, Catalano C, Geraci G, Morganti P(PubMed)
(33) Biochemical studies on a novel antioxidant from lemon oil and its biotechnological application in cosmetic dermatology by Calabrese V1, Randazzo SD, Catalano C, Rizza V.(PubMed)

Monday 19 March 2018

Food Therapy: Green Tea, A Potent with Antioxidant Mouth Rinse

Kyle J. Norton

Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reduced risk of microbial infection, some scientists suggested.

The result of the study was conducted and published online medical literature by some respectable institutes, including the the Institute of Dental Sciences.

Green tea, is a precious drink processed numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world.

In the finding of the natural and econimix alternative, researchers at the joint study lead by the J. Institute of Dental Sciences conducted an evaluation of the anti microbial activity of 0.5% green tea and 0.2% CHX mouth rinse against Streptococcus Mutans, Lactobacilli spp. and Candida Albicans.

In the total of 30 children aged 4-6 years with S-ECC (based on defs score) selected and randomly assigned to 2 equal groups rinsed with the prescribed mouth rinse and 0.5% green tea once daily for 2 weeks after breakfast under supervision, researchers found that both application exerted a statistically significant fall in colony count in Streptococcus Mutans and lactobacilli.

However, Both injection did not express any clinical significant in reduced the colonization of Candida Albicans.

Interestingly, green tea mouth rinse was found to be significantly better than CHX in all aspects except. microbial lactobacilli spp,

In compared anti nicrobial efficacy of antimicrobial green tea, garlic with lime, and 0.05% sodium fluoride (NaF) mouth rinses against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilli species, and Candida albicans in a total 45 children aged 4 to 6 years with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC; based on decayed extracted filled [defs] score) selected and divided randomly into three equal groups of to rinse with the prescribed mouth rinse once daily for 2 weeks after breakfast under supervision as mentioned above, researchers indicated that all 3 applications demonstrated a statistically significant reduction of colony count of S. mutans and Lactobacilli spp. but not against C. albicans with no statistically significant differences in three groups in compared to baselines and assays.

Dr. Thomas A, the lead author, after taking into account of other confounders, said, "The findings... indicate that green tea and garlic with lime mouth rinse can be an economical alternative to NaF mouth rinse both for prevention and therapeutics".

The above differentiation were supported by the joint study lead by the Institute of Dental Sciences.

According to the result in compared the antimicrobial efficacy of chlorhexidine (0.2%), sodium fluoride (0.05%), fluoride with essential oils (0.05%), alum (0.02 M), green tea, and garlic with lime mouth rinses against Streptococcus mutans, lactobacilli, and Candida albicans through saliva samples collected from children with severe early childhood caries, application of chlorhexidine mouth rinse was most effective against S. mutans and lactobacilli in compared to sodium fluoride, fluoride with essential oils, alum, green tea, and garlic with lime mouth rinses.

Furthermore, group treated with lime mouth rinse exerted a stronger anti C. albicans activity in compared to chlorhexidine, sodium fluoride, fluoride with essential oils, alum, and green tea mouth rinses.

Moreover, analysis of the efficacy in reduced colony of S. mutans and lactobacilli, researchers found that after chlorhexidine mouth rinse, garlic with lime mouth rinse was found to be significantly more effective than sodium fluoride, fluoride with essential oils, alum, and green tea mouth rinses.

These results indicated that application of green tea with different concentration may have a profound and positive effect in reduced risk of bacterial infection through anti inflammatory activity of green tea phytochanical polyphenols in protected our body against infection caused by microbial invasion through actions in intercepted the surge of inflammatory markers like cytokines and production of cyclooxygenase-2 in innated anti inflammatory mytokins.

And antioxidant activities through its bioactive chemical compounds and stimulated production of natural antioxidants found on the host body tissues in induction of the ROS cytotoxicy against micro organism without inducing harm to nearby healthy cells.

The results also firmly suggested that green tea mouth rinse can be considered safe, economical and used without much concern.

To view 91 Medical Benefits of Green tea Click Here

Reprint of this article is welcome with author name and link to the article sources intact https://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Anti-microbial efficacy of green tea and chlorhexidine mouth rinses against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilli spp. and Candida albicans in children with severe early childhood caries: A randomized clinical study by Thomas A, Thakur SR1, Shetty SB.(PubMed)
(2) Comparison of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Green Tea, Garlic with Lime, and Sodium Fluoride Mouth Rinses against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilli species, and Candida albicans in Children: A Randomized Double-blind Controlled Clinical Trial by Thomas A1, Thakur S2, Habib R3.(PubMed)
(3) Comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of chlorhexidine, sodium fluoride, fluoride with essential oils, alum, green tea, and garlic with lime mouth rinses on cariogenic microbes by Thomas A1, Thakur S1, Mhambrey S1.(PMC)
(4) Chronic Inflammatory Diseases and Green Tea Polyphenols by Oz HS1.(PubMed)