Sunday 13 April 2014

Asthma in Vitamin C points of view

The widespread of incidence of asthma over large 20 years in South East Asian population, specially in children and aging group has caused some concerns to the government and scientific community. It may be due to over intake in artificial ingredients and polluted environment.
Vitamin C, also known as L-ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin, found in fresh fruits, berries and green vegetables. It is best known for its free radical scavengers activity and regenerating oxidized vitamin E for immune support.
Epidemiological studies, linking vitamin C in reduced risk and treatment of asthma have been inconclusive(a)(b)(c)(d).

The study of the effects of antioxidant nutritional status with allergic rhinitis (AR) in Korean schoolchildren aged 6-12 years, in a total of 4,554 children in Seoul, Korea, showed  a positive effect of Vitamin C intake negatively associated with an increased risk of AR symptoms(1). According to the Rabin Medical Center, vitamin C also enhanced the protective effect on the hyperreactive airways of patients with exercise-induced asthma (EIA)(2). Oxidative stress mediated by reactive oxygen species is known to contribute to the inflammatory process of bronchial asthma. According to Dr. Ruprai RK., in the study of the oxidative stress plasma malondialdehyde and ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) showed an oxidative imbalance in asthmatic patients and antioxidant supply may have a beneficial impact on the free radical induced injury and improvement of respiratory reserve in Asthmatics(3)(4). In Saudi asthmatic patients, King Saud University study,  exhibition of  oxidative stress and defective antioxidant status of these patients suggested these may be primary causative factor in the pathogenesis of asthma(5).
In mega doses, vitamin C in asthmatic patients decreased airway hyperreactivity to methacholine, inflammatory cell numbers in brochoalveolar lavage fluid, and moderated reduction of perivascular and peribronchiolar inflammatory cell infiltration(6).


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References
(a) Vitamin C supplementation for asthma by Kaur B1, Rowe BH, Arnold E.(PubMed)
(b) Vitamin C supplementation for asthma by Ram FS1, Rowe BH, Kaur B(PubMed)
(c) Vitamin C for asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction by Milan SJ1, Hart A, Wilkinson M.(PubMed)
(d) Vitamin C and common cold-induced asthma: a systematic review and statistical analysis by Hemilä H.(PubMed)
(1) Association of antioxidants with allergic rhinitis in children from seoul by Seo JH1, Kwon SO, Lee SY, Kim HY, Kwon JW, Kim BJ, Yu J, Kim HB, Kim WK, Jang GC, Song DJ, Shim JY, Oh SY, Hong SJ.(PubMed)
(2) Blocking effect of vitamin C in exercise-induced asthma by Cohen HA1, Neuman I, Nahum H.(PubMed)
(3) Plasma oxidant-antioxidants status in asthma and its correlation with pulmonary function tests by Ruprai RK.(PubMed)
(4) Antioxidant status in acute asthmatic attack in children by Al-Abdulla NO1, Al Naama LM, Hassan MK.(PubMed)
(5) Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in Saudi asthmatic patients by Al-Afaleg NO1, Al-Senaidy A, El-Ansary A.(PubMed)
(6) Mega-dose vitamin C attenuated lung inflammation in mouse asthma model by Jeong YJ1, Kim JH, Kang JS, Lee WJ, Hwang YI.(PubMed)

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