Trans monounsaturated fatty acids or saturated fatty acids in obese patients with NIDDM

In general assumption that high intake of trans fatty acids and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) is known to increase the risk of coronary heart disease, but whether the effects of diets enriched in various fatty acids on postprandial insulinemia and fasting serum levels of lipids and lipoproteins in obese patients with NIDDM is to be determined.
In the study of 16 obese NIDDM patients in a free-living outpatient regimen, after a run-in period, the patients received three different isocaloric diets for 6 weeks using a randomized crossover design. The patients were instructed to keep the energy intake from carbohydrate and protein constant at 50 and 20 E% (percent of energy intake), respectively, on all three diets. The fat composition of the diets differed: saturated fat (SAT) diet (20 E% SFAs, 5 E% polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFAs], and 5 E% monounsaturated fatty acids [MUFAs]) versus cis monounsaturated fatty acid (CMUFA) diet (20 E% cis-MUFAs, 5 E% PUFAs, and 5 E% SFAs) versus trans monounsaturated fatty acid (TMUFA) diet (20 E% trans-MUFAs, 5 E% PUFAs, and 5 E% SFAs, the group filed the result that in the presence of unchanged glycemia, both dietary trans fatty acids and SFAs induce an increase in postprandial insulinemia in obese patients with NIDDM.

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(1) "Intake of a diet high in trans monounsaturated fatty acids or saturated fatty acids. Effects on postprandial insulinemia and glycemia in obese patients with NIDDM" by Christiansen E, Schnider S, Palmvig B, Tauber-Lassen E, Pedersen O., posted in PubMed