Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is over active and produces too much thyroid hormones.
Hyperthyroidism during pregnancy
mostly happens to younger women and usually is over looked due to the
production of hormone HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) in the first 12
weeks of pregnancy. It is very important that hyperthyroidism is
controlled after the 12 weeks of pregnancy, if left untreated, it can
increase the risk of miscarriage or birth defect.
Treatments
Due to limitation
of treament of hperthyroidism in pregancy because of the concerns of the
safety of the fetus as well as the health of the mother, radiation
therapy is rule out as one of the treatment. Treatments can only depend
to either medication and surgery, if the medication are not well
tolerated in some women.
1. Medicationa. Thionamides
Thionamides,
the class of Antithyroid drugs, including methimazole (MMI, Tapazole®),
carbimazole, and propylthiouracil (PTU) have been used to treat
hyperthyroidism effectively with certain risks and side effects. The use
of the medication in low dose are considered necessary as the benefits
are greater than the risks.
b. Risks and side effects
1. Nausea and
2. Gastrointestinal distress.
3. Maculopapular pruritic rash
4. Fever
5. Development of arthralgias
6. Lymphadenopathy,
7. Hypoprothrombinemia
8. Etc.
2. Surgery
a.
Normally, surgery is not a first priority because of the risk involved
the removalof all or parts of the enlarged thyroid gland.
b. Ricks and side effects
b.1. Surgery and anesthetic risks
b.2. Prescribed oral synthetic thyroid hormones to prevent hypothyroidism.
b.3. Etc.
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