Tuesday 5 November 2013

Chinese Herbs– Lou Shen Hua (Calyx Hibisci sabdariffae)

Lou Shen Huais also known as Rosselle. The sour and cool herb has been used in TCM as hypotensive, diuretic, antibiotic and anticaners agent and to lessen blood viscosity, stimulate intestinal peristalsis, clearing infection, relieving thirst, arresting cough, etc., by enhancing the function of kidney channels.

Ingredients
1. Hibiscus acid
2. Anthocyanins
3. Delphinidin-3- sambubioside
4. Cyanidin-3-sambubioside
5. Delphinidin-3-glucoside
6. Cyanidin-3-glucoside
7. Gossypitrin
8. Hibiscitrin
9. Sabdaritrin
10. Gossytrin
11. Etc.

Health Benefits
1. Diuretic effect
In the study to evaluate the evaluate the diuretic activity of Hibiscus sabdariffa aqueous extract on in vivo and in situ models, conducted by Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), DR.Alarcón-Alonso J, and the reseach team found that the compound presents in Hibiscus sabdariffa as quercetin had effect on the vascular endothelium causing oxide nitric release, increasing renal vasorelaxation by increasing kidney filtration. Therefore, the diuretic effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa may be mediated by nitric oxide release(1).
2. Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antidiarrheal activities
In the study to evaluate the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antidiarrheal activities of the ethanolic calyx extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. in mice. at Life Science School, Khulna University, indicated that in acetic acid-induced writhing test, the extract produced inhibited writhing in mice significantly compared with the blank control (P<0.01). The extract showed significant inhibition of ear edema formation in xylene-induced ear edema model mice in a dose-related manner compared with the blank control (P<0.01). The extract demonstrated a significant antidiarrheal activity against castor oil-induced diarrheal in mice in which it decreased the frequency of defecation and increased the mean latent period at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight (P<0.01)(2).
3. Increased antioxidant activity, improved dermal penetration and reduced dermal toxicity
Researchers at the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, suggested that The  Liposome formulations of standardized Roselle extracts were developed with various lipid components. showing the highest entrapment efficiency was selected for stability, skin permeation and dermal irritability studies. The liposome formulation with the highest entrapment efficiency (83%) and smalôlest particle size (332 mm) was formulated with phosphatidylcholine from soybean (SPC): Tween 80: deoxycholic acid (DA); 84:16:2.5 weight ratio, total lipid of 200 g/mL and 10% w/v Roselle extract in final liposomal preparation. This liposome formulation was found to be stable after storage at 4 degrees C, protected from light, for 2 months. The in vitro skin permeation studies, using freshly excised pig skin and modified Franz-diffusion cells, showed that the liposome formulation was able to considerably increased the rate of permeation of active compounds in Roselle extracts compared to the Roselle extract solution. The in vivo dermal irritability testing on rabbit skin showed that the liposome formulation dramatically decreased skin irritability compared to the unformulated extract(3)
4. Anxiolytic and sedative effects
Aqueous (A), hydroalcoholic (AE) and ethanolic (E) extracts and fractions of dried calyxes of Hibiscus sabdariffa were evaluated for anxiolytic property using elevated-plus maze (EPM), and sedative properties using ketamine-induced sleep in animal models, showed that The extracts at A 5 mg/kg, AE 5 mg/kg and A 50 mg/kg did not cause an increase in time spent in the open arms (p < 0.05) but other doses significantly did when compared with the vehicle control. The fractions of the hydroalcoholic extracts showed no significant anxiolytic activity. Neither the extracts nor the fractions significantly reduced or increased latency to sleep after a single dose except AE 300 (p < 0.01). There was significant reduction in onset of sleep, and increase in sleeping time with A and AE extracts with multiple doses at A 300, AE 50 and AE 300 mg/kg dose groups (p < 0.001, p < 0.01 and p < 0.05 respectively). A reduction in sleeping time after several daily doses of ethanol extracts doses was observed. A single dose of one of the fractions (EAC at 50 mg/kg) caused a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in sleep duration(4)
5. Accelerated growth and delayed puberty
In teh study to investigate whether consumption of HS during lactation will affect the onset of puberty and to examine the possible mechanism underlying this, showed that the accelerated growth and delayed puberty in the HS offspring may be through increased corticosterone and decreased leptin delivery through breast milk(5).
6. Etc.

Side Effects
No known side effects

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Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22178178
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21669166
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21294418
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18756855

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