Friday 11 April 2014

Food Therapy - Celery and Oxidative Stress

Celery is a species of Apium graveolens, belonging to the family Apiaceae. It is cultivated all around the globe as a vegetable. Celery can grow to 1/2 m tall with stalks (leaf on the top) arranging in a conical shape joined at a common base.

Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Sugars
3. Fiber
4. Fat
5. Protein
6. Water
7. Vitamin A
8. Vitamin B1
9. Vitamin B2
10. Vitamin B6
11. Vitamin C
12. Vitamin K
13. Folate
14. Calcium
15. Manganese
16. Magnesium
17. Phosphorus
18. Potassium
19. Iron
20. Sodium
21. Etc.

Phytochemicals
1. 3-n-butyl-phthalide
2. Acetylenics,
3. Coumarins 
4. Phenolic acids
5. Limonene, coumarin,
6. Phthalides
7. Apigenin
and falcariondiol (1), (9Z) 1,9-heptadecadiene-4,6-diyne-3,8,11-triol (2), oplopandiol (3), bergapten (4), 5,8-dimethoxy psoralen (5), isofraxidin (6), eugenic acid (7), trans-ferulic acid (8), trans-cinnamic acid (9), p-hydroxyphenylethanol ferulate (10), caffeoylquinic acid (11), 5-p-trans-coumaroylquinic acid (12), sedanolide (13), lunularin (14), lunularic acid (15), 2-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenol)-propane-1,3-diol (16), D-allitol (17), beta-sitosterol (18), benzolic acid (19), succinic acid (20), according to Shenyang Pharmaceutical University(a).

Oxidative stress is the damage caused by imbalance between Reactive oxygen species and the abilities of the body to inhibit them.
Increased consumption of fruits and vegetables containing high levels of phytochemicals showed to be effective in preventing chronic diseases related to oxidative stress in the human body, including celery(b).Flavonoid extracts from celery, according to the Harbin Medical University, in the rat study sreduced the  activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and increased content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx)(c). According to University of Novi Sad, roots and leaves extract of celery also, exhibited its scavenging property of OH* and DPPH* radicals and reduction of LPx intensity in liposomes, through their protective (antioxidant) activity(d). Limonene, a major compound found in celery seed oil, process anti free radical activity, and may be used as natural antioxidants in food applications(e).


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Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html

References
(a) [Chemical constituents of fresh celery].[Article in Chinese] by Zhou K1, Wu B, Zhuang Y, Ding L, Liu Z, Qiu F(PubMed)

(b) Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of common vegetables by Chu YF1, Sun J, Wu X, Liu RH.(PubMed)
(c) Influence of flavonoid extracts from celery on oxidative stress induced by dichlorvos in rats.

Cao J1, Zhang X, Wang Q, Jia L, Zhang Y, Zhao X.(PubMed)
(d) Effect of celery (Apium graveolens) extracts on some biochemical parameters of oxidative stress in mice treated with carbon tetrachloride by Popović M1, Kaurinović B, Trivić S, Mimica-Dukić N, Bursać M.(PubMed)
(e) Essential oil composition and antiradical activity of the oil of Iraq plants by Kiralan M1, Bayrak A, Abdulaziz OF, Ozbucak T.(PubMed)

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