Thursday 7 November 2013

Chinese Herbs – Huai Shan or Shan Yao (Radix Dioscoreae Oppositae)


Huai Shen is also known as Dioscorea. The sweet and neutral herb has been used in TCM as
antibiotic , anti-inflammatory and anti aging agent and to lower blood sugar, improve digestive system, promote urination, etc. as it tonifies the spleen and stomach and kidney yang and yin, etc., by enhancing the functions of kidney, lung and spleen channel.

Ingredients
1. Saponin
2. Choline
3. Glycoprotein
4. Amino acid,
5. d-abscisin II,
6. 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine,
7. Mannan acid
8. Phytic acid
9. Etc.
Health Benefits
1. Immunomodulatory activity
In the evaluation of the purified dioscorin from yam (Dioscorea alata L. cv. Tainong 1)’s immunomodulatory ability in vitro in the presence of polymyxin B (50 microg/ml) to eliminate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contamination, found that the tuber storage protein of yam dioscorin functions as an immunomodulatory substance, according to “Immunomodulatory activity of dioscorin, the storage protein of yam (Dioscorea alata cv. Tainong No. 1) tuber” by Liu YW, Shang HF, Wang CK, Hsu FL, Hou WC.(1) 2. Protective effects on DNA
In the examination of the protective effect of water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) rhizome extract on calf thymus DNA and plasmid DNA strand breakage by the copper-driven Fenton reaction and X-irradiation, showed that the present results demonstrate strong copper chelating and weak hydroxyl radical scavenging activities in yam rhizome extracts, and these activities may vary depending on the procedures used in preparing the extract, according to “Protective effect of water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) extract on the copper-driven fenton reaction and X-ray induced DNA damage in vitro” by Wang TS, Liang SJ, Lii CK, Liu SY.(2)
3. Hepato-nephrotoxicity
In the evaluation of the effect of yam in Taiwan, which is a commonly used Chinese medicine, on hepato-nephro-toxicity in rats, indicated that the extract of yam had the effect of kidney secureness and liver fortification (P < 0.01). The pathologic sections showed good improvements in renal tubular degranulation changes, necrosis and disintegration. The extract of yam also possessed a good protection against the inflammation of central vein and necrosis of liver tissue, according to “Effects of “Chinese yam” on hepato-nephrotoxicity of acetaminophen in rats” by Lee SC, Tsai CC, Chen JC, Lin JG, Lin CC, Hu ML, Lu S.(3)
4. Antifungal properties
In the investigation of the antifungal properties of a extraction of natural antifungal compounds from the peels of yam (Dioscorea alata), found that the antifungal activity of the compounds toward the germination of spores of two yam pathogens showed an inhibition of less than 57% at a concentration of 50 mg/L while inhibition on the elongation of germ-tubes of Fusarium moniliforme was as high as 82% at the same concentration. However, the ED50 for inhibition of germ-tube elongation in the yam compounds for the same organism was below 32 mg/L. The role of the yam compounds at high concentrations in disease resistance is discussed, accoridng to “Antifungal properties of yam (Dioscorea alata) peel extract” by Aderiye BI, Ogundana SK, Adesanya SA, Roberts MF.(4)
5. Etc.

Side Effects
1. Do not use the herb in cases of liver yang ascending and urination difficulty as result of damp-heat.
2. Do not use Huai Shan in newborn, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding with out approval first with the related field specialist
3. Etc.

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Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17637490
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15162369
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12060523
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9173001

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