Friday 15 November 2013

Chinese Herbs – Ban Xia (Rhizoma Pinelliae Ternatae)



Ban Xia is also known as Pinellia rhizome. The acrid, warm and toxic herb has been used in TCM to treat vomiting, get rids of phlegm nodules, calming, lower blood pressure in the eyes as it dries Dampness, transforms Phlegm, stops vomiting, resolves masses, disperses nodules by enhancing the functions of lung, spleen and stomach channels.
Ingredients
1. β-sitosterol
2. Choline
3. Daucosterol
4. 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde
5. Coniine
5. Protoanemonin
6. 1-ephedrine hydrochloride
7. Guanosine
8. Homogentisic acid
9. Etc.
Health Benefits
1. Anti-obesity
Pinellia ternata water extract (PE) has significantly increased the expression of both UCP1 mRNA in brown adipose tissue (BAT) (p<0.001) and PPARalpha and PGC1alpha mRNA in white visceral adipose tissue (WAT) (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively) that may br suggested to be used affect anti-obesity through thermogenesis and fatty acid oxidation, according to the study of “Anti-obesity effect of Pinellia ternata extract in Zucker rats” by Kim YJ, Shin YO, Ha YW, Lee S, Oh JK, Kim YS.(1)
2. Neuroprotective effect
Chukmesundan (CMSD), composed of the following 8 medicinal herbs, including Ban Xia(Pinellia ternata BREIT) has shown to protect primary cultured neurons from N-methyl-D: -aspartate receptor-mediated glutamate toxicity. It was in vivo evidenced that CMSD protects neurons against ischemia-induced cell death, according to the study of “Neuroprotective effect of a chuk-me-sun-dan on neurons from ischemic damage and neuronal cell toxicity” by Chung TW, Koo BS, Choi EG, Kim MG, Lee IS, Kim CH.(2)
3. Anti-microbial effects
Pinelloside isolated from the air-dried tubers of Ban Xia (Pinellia ternata (Thunb)Breit) have shown the inhibitory effects to the growth of Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 20, 50, 30 and 10 microg/ml, respectively, according to the study of “Pinelloside, an antimicrobial cerebroside from Pinellia ternata” by Chen JH, Cui GY, Liu JY, Tan RX.(3)
4. Nasal influenza HA vaccine
Pinellic acid of the tuber of Pinellia ternata Breitenbach (1 microg) has enhanced antiviral IgA antibody (Ab) titers 5.2- and 2.5-fold in nasal and bronchoalveolar washes in mice, as it may provide a safe and potent oral adjuvant for nasal influenza HA vaccine, according to the study of “Pinellic acid from the tuber of Pinellia ternata Breitenbach as an effective oral adjuvant for nasal influenza vaccine” by Nagai T, Kiyohara H, Munakata K, Shirahata T, Sunazuka T, Harigaya Y, Yamada H.(4)
5. Anti-allergic activity
pinellic acid of Pinellia ternata Breitenbach found in “Sho-seiryu-to (SST, Xiao-Qing-Long-Tang in Chinese) has reduced the OVA-specific IgE antibody titer in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids at 7 days after orally administered at 0.5 g/kg/day from day 1 to 6 days of OVA (ovalbumin) inhalatiom. CD4(+) T cells obtained from the mouse lung produced more interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 but less interferon (IFN)-gamma than T cells from nonsensitized control animals, accoring to the study of “Anti-allergic activity of a Kampo (Japanese herbal) medicine “Sho-seiryu-to (Xiao-Qing-Long-Tang)” on airway inflammation in a mouse model” by Nagai T, Arai Y, Emori M, Nunome SY, Yabe T, Takeda T, Yamada H.(5)
6. Antidepressant effects
Banxia Houpu Decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine, including Ban Xia has shown to possess an antidepressant activity that was close to that of Prozac in ethanol extract, according to the study of “Antidepressant effects of Banxia Houpu decoction, a traditional Chinese medicinal empirical formula” by Luo L, Nong Wang J, Kong LD, Jiang QG, Tan RX.(6)
7. Etc.
Side Effects
1. Since the herb is toxic, Do not use the lone herb, but with other antitoxicity herbs such as mung bean, fang feng, gan cao.
2. Do not use if you are pregnant or breast feeding, or only with the permission of the related field specialist.
3. Etc.

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Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16755034
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16474991
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14559289
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12349955
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15313433

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