Saturday 16 November 2013

Chinese Herbs – Bai Ji Li (Fructus Tribuli)

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Bai Ji Li
is also known as Puncturevine Caltrop Fruit, the bitter, acrid and neutral herb has been used in TCM to spermatorrhea, leukorrhea,headache, dizziness, pink eyes with tears, keratitis as it soothes the Liver, eliminates stagnation of Liver-Qi, expels Wind and improves vision, by promoting the function of Liver channels.
Ingredients
1. Steroidal saponins
2. Diosgenin
3. Ruscogenin
4. Hecogenin
5. Gitoogenin
6. Tribuloside
7. Kaempferol-3-rutinoside
8. astragalin
9. Harmine
10. Etc.
Health Benefits
1. Liver protection
Extract of Tribuli Fructus, 4-hydroxy-N-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-3-methoxybenzamide and Compounds 1 and 3 showed significant hepatoprotective and quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1–>6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside activities has exerted the significant hepatoprotective activities, according to the study of “Tribuli fructus constituents protect against tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells” by Byun E, Jeong GS, An RB, Min TS, Kim YC.(1)
2. Sperm production
Some study showed that Bai Ji Li TT did not produce any stimulatory effects in uterine and vaginal epithelia as well as stimulating androgen sensitive tissues but it showed a positive effect in administration on rat sperm production with unchanged levels of circulating androgens, according to the study of “Effects of Tribulus terrestris on endocrine sensitive organs in male and female Wistar rats” by Martino-Andrade AJ, Morais RN, Spercoski KM, Rossi SC, Vechi MF, Golin M, Lombardi NF, Greca CS, Dalsenter PR.(2)
3. Erectile dysfunction
Tribulus terrestris extract significant increases some of the sex hormones, possibly due to the presence of protodioscin in the extract, may be useful in mild to moderate cases of ED, according to the study of “The hormonal effects of Tribulus terrestris and its role in the management of male erectile dysfunction–an evaluation using primates, rabbit and rat” by Gauthaman K, Ganesan AP.(3) 4. Hearts protection
Saponins from Tribulus terrestris has been shown to exert the activity against cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury and the underlying mechanism in rats, according to the study of “Tribulosin protects rat hearts from ischemia/reperfusion injury” by Zhang S, Li H, Yang SJ.(4)
5. Antihypertensive and vasodilator effects
Methanolic and aqueous extracts of Tribulus terrestris showed significant antihypertensive activity as a result of a direct arterial smooth muscle relaxation due to nitric oxide release and membrane hyperpolarization, according to the study of “Antihypertensive and vasodilator effects of methanolic and aqueous extracts of Tribulus terrestris in rats” by Phillips OA, Mathew KT, Oriowo MA.(5)
6. Diuretic and contractile effects
Aqueous extract showed diuretic activity and evoked a contractile activity on Guinea pig ileum, that can be a potential of propelling urinary stones in further pharmacological studies, according to the study of “Tribulus terrestris: preliminary study of its diuretic and contractile effects and comparison with Zea mays” by Al-Ali M, Wahbi S, Twaij H, Al-Badr A.(6)
7. Kidney disease
T. terrestris not only significantly reduced the excretion of oxalate, calcium, and phosphate along with decreased levels of blood urea nitrogen, uric acid and creatinine in serum but also reduced hyperoxaluria- caused oxidative stress, and restored antioxidant enzyme activity and their expression profile in kidney tissue, according to the study of “Effect of aqueous extract of Tribulus terrestris on oxalate-induced oxidative stress in rats” by Kamboj P, Aggarwal M, Puri S, Singla SK.(7)
8. Ovarian Cysts
A high dose of the extract of Bai Ji Li can efficiently remove ovarian cysts and resume ovarian activity, according to the study of “Alternative Treatment of Ovarian Cysts with Tribulus terrestris Extract: A Rat Model” by Dehghan A, Esfandiari A, Bigdeli SM(8)
9. Liver cancer
Aqueous TT extract blocks proliferation and induces apoptosis in human liver cancer cells through the inhibition of NF-κB signaling, according to the study of “Aqueous extract of Tribulus terrestris Linn induces cell growth arrest and apoptosis by down-regulating NF-κB signaling in liver cancer cell” by Kim HJ, Kim JC, Min JS, Kim MJ, Kim JA, Kor MH, Yoo HS, Ahn JK(9)
10. Etc.
Side Effects
1. Overdose can be toxic and may cause , dizziness, nausea, vomiting, palpitation, rapid respiration, etc.
2. It also can cause allergic effects to certain people, such as rash and erythema.
3. Etc.

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If you like what you read, please follow me at http://twitter.com/kylejnortonSources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20191345
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19781624
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18068966
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20453871
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16289603
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12639749
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21886973
(8) http://affective.com/news/alternative-treatment-of-ovarian-cysts-with-tribulus-terrestris-extract-a-rat-model
(9) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21549825

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